Multihop routing protocols on wireless ad hoc sensor networks with modified MAC layer and broadcasting scheme

Abstract

Most sensor devices are equipped with local batteries, placing a limitation on available energy, assuming that replacement of batteries is not feasible. This constraint limits the operation time of sensor networks. In many scenarios, sensors are operating in remote or dangerous areas, and it is impractical to replace or recharge the battery of the sensors. In some scenarios, such as machine monitoring or medical monitoring, it is more convenient to install new sensors than to replace the battery of the sensor nodes. The focus of this article is to design routing methods to achieve the maximum operation time of sensor networks (the number of rounds to transmit data) under the constraint of battery sources. Therefore, the main contribution of this research is not to change any characteristic of the network infrastructure, but to define the interactions between nodes to achieve better energy efficiency.